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India lags behind many countries in the field of environmental sanitation. As late as 1981, only 0.5% of the population had basic sanitation facilities.

TitleA cleaner Kollam : campaign for total sanitation : Kollam District Total Sanitation Programme 1997-2001
Publication TypeBook
Year of Publication1997
AuthorsIN, K(State). R, Kollam, INKollam Dis
Pagination45 p. : fig., map., tab.
Date Published1997-01-01
PublisherKollam District Total Sanitation Programme
Place PublishedKollam, India
Keywordsawareness raising, disposal, drainage, flush toilets, india kerala kollam district, institutional framework, latrines, planning, programmes, public toilets, sanitation, solid wastes
Abstract

India lags behind many countries in the field of environmental sanitation. As late as 1981, only 0.5% of the population had basic sanitation facilities. The lack of proper sanitation facilities in rural areas; the inadequacy of safe drinking water; the lack of facilities for proper disposal of human excreta, solid and liquid wastes; and lack of personal food hygiene have all been major causes for many killer diseases. Thus, improvement in the health status of people, especially children, presupposes large strides in rural sanitation. This paper outlines a proposed 4 year total sanitation project for Kollam District, Kerala State, to run from January, 1997 to March, 2001, which seeks to improve the health and living standards of the people of Kollam District by reducing the incidence of water borne diseases. Specific project objectives include: to create awareness of the need for sanitation and hygiene among the community; to construct sanitary latrines for 170,000 households in the district before the end of March, 2001; to provide facilities for safe disposal of household and other solid wastes and for proper drainage; to establish sanitary marts and production centres; and to construct pay & use latrines for public and institutional use. The paper provides a district profile, the results of a sanitation survey, an implementation plan; design options for the recommended flush latrine model with diagrams; and an outline of the subsidy pattern with project estimates supported by several tables. An IEC plan of action and activity sequence of one year duration for a household sanitation programme in a panchayat accompanies the document. Once full coverage is achieved, the panchayat and Government should ensure that new houses subsequently built have sanitary latrines. Capacity building and awareness generation will be considered as the major thrust for this participatory programme. It is hoped that the people's committees trained and experienced in this crucial development activity can become an effective force in all the developmental activities in the panchayats.

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